-- Anas said: I served the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for ten years and he never said to me, "Shame!" or "Why you do such and such?" or "Why did you not do such and such."
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Jabir said that when God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked for anything, he never said, "No."
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- A'isha said: God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to patch his sandals, sew his garments and conduct himself as anyone of you did in his house. (Tirmidhi).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Anas told that when a man had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for enough sheep to fill the valley between two mountains and had been given them, went to his people and said, "Accept Islam, my people, for I swear By God that Muhammad gives gifts to such an extent that there is no fear of poverty.
(Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Anas said: God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was one of the men in character. One day he sent me to do something, and I said, "I swear by God that I will not go." But in my heart I felt I should go to do what God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has commanded me, so I went out and came upon some boys who were playing in the street. All of a sudden God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who had come up behind caught me by the back of the neck, and when I looked at him he was laughing. He said, "Did you go where I ordered you, little Anas?" "Yes, I am on my way, messenger of God." (Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Abu Huraira told that when God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked to invoke curse on the polytheists he replied, "I was not sent as one given to cursing; I was sent only as a mercy."
(Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Al-Aswad told that he asked A'isha what the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) use to do in his house, she replied that he used to engage himself in Mihna i.e. the service of his family, and when the time for prayer came, he went out to prayer.
(Bukhari).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Jabir b. Samura said God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was far from talkative. (He spoke only when he had a good reason for doing so).
(Sharra-as-Sunna).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- If anyone of you sees something objectionable, he should change it with his hand, but if he cannot, he should change it with his tongue, and if he cannot he should do it in his heart, that being the weakest form of faith.
(Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Anas told that when God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) shook hands with a man, he did not withdraw his hand till the other did so, and he was not seen to put forward his knees in front of one with whom he was sitting.
(Tirmidhi).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Hind, son of Khadija from her former husband, says about the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Kind of heart, he was nice and sweet-tempered. He never liked to displease or cause offence to anybody. He thanked even for trifling favours. He took whatever food was placed before him, without making any adverse remark. He never got angry for anything concerning his own person, nor did he think of taking revenge or letting down anybody, but if anyone opposed what was just and right, he used to get sore and helped the right cause with all his might.
(Tirmidhi).
(Muhammad The Ideal Prophet. by Sayyid Suliman Nadwi).
-- Abdullah b. al-Harith b. Jaz said he had not seen no one more given to smiling than God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
(Tirmidhi).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Verily the creation of each one of you is brought together in his mother's belly for forty days in the form of a seed, then he is a clot of blood for a like period, then a morsel of flesh for a like period, then there is sent to him the angel who blows the breath of life into him and who is commanded about four matters (NOTE 2) to write down his means of livelihood, his life span, his actions, and whether happy or unhappy. By Allah, other than Whom there is no god, verily one of you behaves like the people of Paradise until there is but an arm's length between him and it, and that which has been written overtakes him and so he behaves like the people of Hell-fire and thus enters it; and one of you behaves like the people of Hell-fire until there is but an arm's length between him and it, and that which has been written overtakes him and so he behaves like the people of Paradise and thus enters it.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Actions are but by intention and every man shall have but that which he intended. Thus he whose migration was for Allah and His Messenger, and he whose migration was to achieve some worldly benefit or to take some woman in marriage was for that he for which he migrated.
(Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- He who innovates something in which this matter of ours that is not of it will have it rejected.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- He who does an act which our matter is not [in agreement] with, will have it rejected.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- None of you [truly] believes until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- There should be neither harming nor reciprocating harm.
(Ibn Majah and Daraqutni).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Hazrat Umar (Allah be pleased with him) said: One day while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) there appeared before us a man whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black; no signs of journeying were to be seen on him and none of us knew him. He walked and sat down by the Prophet (peace be upon him). Resting his knees against his and placing the palm of his hands on his thigh, he said: O Muhammad, tell me about Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Islam is to testify that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to perform the prayers, to pay the zakat (NOTE 4) , to fast in Ramadan, and to make the pilgrimage to the House (NOTE 5) if you are able to do so. He said: You have spoken rightly, and we were amazed at him asking him and saying that he had spoken right. He said: Then tell me about iman (NOTE 6) . The Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) said: It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers and the Last Day, and to believe in divine destiny, both the good and evil thereof. He said: You have spoken rightly. He said: Then tell me about ihsan (NOTE 7) , The Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) said: It is to worship Allah as though you are seeing Him, and while you see Him not yet truly He sees you. He said then tell me about the Hour (NOTE 8) , The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: The one questioned about it knows no better than the questioner. He said: Tell me about its signs. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: The slave-girl will give birth to her mistress (NOTE 9) and that you will see the barefooted naked, destitute herdsmen competing in constructing lofty buildings. Then he took himself off and I stayed for a time. Then the Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon) said: O Umar, do you know who the questioner was? I said: Allah and hid Messenger know best. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: It was Gabriel, who came to you to teach you your religion.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- That which is lawful is plain and that which is unlawful is plain and between the two if them are doubtful matters about which not many people know. Thus he who avoids doubtful matters clears himself in regard to his religion and his honour, but he who falls into doubtful matters falls into that which is unlawful, like the shepherd who pastures around the sanctuary, all but grazing therein. Truly every king has a sanctuary, and truly Allah's sanctuary is His prohibitions. Truly in the body there is a morsel of flesh which, if diseased, all of it is diseased. Truly it is the heart.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- What I have forbidden to you, avoid; what I have ordered you [to do], do as much of it as you can. It was only their excessive questioning and their disagreeing with their Prophets that destroyed those who were before you.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Leave that which makes you in doubt for that which does not make you doubt.
(Tirmidhi, Nasai).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Part of someone's being a good Muslim is his leaving alone that which does not concern him.
(Tirmidhi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Fear Allah wherever you are, and follow up a bad deed with a good deed and it will wipe it out, and behave well towards people.
(Tirmidhi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Purity is half of faith. Al-hamdu lillah [Praise be to Allah] fills the scales, and Subhana 'llah [How far is Allah from every imperfection] and Al-hamdu lillah [Praise be to Allah] fill that which is between heaven and earth. Prayer is light; charity is a proof; patience is illumination; and the Quran is an argument for or against you. Everyone starts his day and is a vendor of his soul, either freeing it or bringing about its ruin.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- I have been ordered to fight (NOTE 10) against people until they testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and until he perform the prayers and pay the zakat, and if they do so, they will have gained protection from me for their lives (NOTE 11) and property, unless [they do acts that are punishable] in accordance with Islam, and their reckoning will be with Allah the Almighty.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Verily Allah has prescribed proficiency in all things. Thus, if you kill, kill well; and if you slaughter, slaughter well. Let each one of you sharpen his blade and let him spare suffering to the animal he slaughters.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- There should be neither harming nor reciprocating harm.
(Ibn Majah and Daraqutni).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah the Almighty is good and accepts only that which is good. Allah has commanded the Messengers, and the Almighty has said: "O ye Messengers! Eat of the good things and do right." (NOTE 12) And Allah has said: "O ye who believe ! Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you." (NOTE 13) Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned [the case of] a man who, having journeyed far, is dishevelled and dusty and who spreads out his hands to the sky [saying]: O Lord! O Lord! - while his food is unlawful, his drink unlawful, his clothing unlawful, and he is nourished unlawfully, so how can he be answered!
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Among the words people obtained from the First Prophecy (NOTE 14) are: If you feel no shame, then do as you wish. (NOTE 15) (Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- None of you [truly] believes until his inclination is in accordance with what I ((Muhammad), may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) have brought.
(Kitab al-Hujja).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Righteousness is good morality, and wrongdoing is that which wavers in your soul and which you dislike people finding out about.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah the Almighty has laid down religious duties, so do not neglect them; He has set boundaries, so do not overstep them; He has prohibited some things, so do not violate them; about some things He was silent out of compassion for you, not forgetfulness, so seek not after them.
(Daraqutni)
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Each person's every joint must perform a charity every day they comes up: to act justly between two people is a charity; to help a man with his mount, lifting him onto it or hoisting up his belongings onto it is a charity; a good word is a charity; every step you take to prayers (i.e. on your way to the mosque) is a charity and removing a harmful thing from the road is a charity.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- The blood of a Muslim may not be legally spilt other than in one of three [instances]: the married person commits adultery; a life for life; and one who forsakes his religion and abandons the community.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Were people to be given in accordance with their claim, men would claim the fortunes and lives (NOTE 16) of [other] people, but the onus of proof is on the claimant and the taking of an oath is the incumbent upon him who denies.
(Al-Baihaqi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Hadhrat Abu Bakr Siddique (Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "A man who harms a Muslim and deceives him, is accursed."
(Tirmidhi).
(Hayaat-ul-Muslimeen. by Mohammad Ashraf Ali Thanvi).
-- Allah has pardoned for me my people for [their] mistakes and [their] forgetfulness and for what they have done under duress.
(Ibn Majah, Baihaqi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah has written down the good deeds and the bad ones. Then He explained it [by saying that] he who has intended a good deed and has not done it, Allah writes it down with Himself as a full good deed, but if he intended it and has done it, Allah writes it down with Himself as from ten good deeds to seven hundred times, or many times over. But if he has intended a bad deed and has not done it, Allah writes it down with Himself as a full good deed, but if he has intended it and has done it, Allah writes it down as one bad deed.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by . Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Do not envy one another; do not inflate prices one to another; do not hate one another; do not turn away from one another; and do not undercut one another, but be you. O servants of Allah, brothers. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim: he neither oppresses him nor does he fail him, he neither lies to him nor does he hold him in contempt. Piety is right here-and the Prophet (peace be upon him) pointed to his breast three times. It is evil enough for a man to hold his brother Muslim in contempt. The whole of a Muslim for another is inviolable: his blood, his property and his honour.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Some of the Companions (NOTE 17) of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to the Prophet:(peace be upon him) O Messenger of Allah, the affluent have made off with the rewards: they pray as we pray, they fast as we fast, and they give away in charity the superfluity of their wealth. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Has not Allah made things for you to give away in charity? Truly every tasbiha (NOTE 18) is a charity every takbira (NOTE 19) is a charity, every tahmida (NOTE 20) is a charity and every tahlia (NOTE 21) is a charity; to enjoin a good action is a charity, to forbid an evil action is a charity and in a sexual act each of you there are a charity. They said: O Messenger of Allah, when one of us fulfils his sexual desire will he have some reward for that? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Do you [not] think that were he to act upon it unlawfully he wold be sinning? Likewise, if he has acted upon it lawfully he will have a reward.(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah the Almighty has said: Whosoever shows enmity to a friend of Mine, I shall be at war with him. My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more loved by Me than the religious duties I have imposed upon him, and My servant continues to draw near to Me with supererogatory works so that I shall love him. When I love him, I am his hearing with which he hears, his seeing with which he sees, his hands with which he strikes and his foot with which he walks. Were he to ask [something] of Me, I would surely give it to him; and were he to ask me for refuge, I would surely grant him it.
(Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- The son of Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) use to say: At evening do not expect [to live till] morning, and at morning do not expect [to live till] evening. Take from your health for your illness and from your life for your death (NOTE 22).
(Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- A man came to the Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) and said: O Messenger of Allah, direct me to an act which, if I do it, [will cause] Allah to love me and people to love me. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Renounce the world and Allah will love you, and renounce what people possess and people will love you.
(Ibn Majah).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
(NOTE 2)
lit. "words"
(NOTE 3)
This is a reference to religious migration, in particular to that from Mecca to Medina.
(NOTE 4)
Often rendered as "alms-tax" or "poor-due", it is a tax levied on a man's wealth and distributed among the poor.
(NOTE 5)
The Ka'ba and Holy Mosque in Mecca.
(NOTE 6)
Iman is generally rendered as "religious belief" or "faith".
(NOTE 7)
"right action", "goodness", "charity", "sincerity".
(NOTE 8)
i.e. of the Day of Judgement.
(NOTE 9)
Their are two possible interpretations: 1) "When a woman will give birth to her master" i.e. a time will come when children will have so little respect for their mothers that they will treat them like slaves. 2) The slave-girls will give birth to sons and daughters who will become free and so be the masters of those who bore them.
(NOTE 10)
Islam advocates that conversion be by conviction. The Holy Quran say: 'No compulsion in religion.' The waging of war is enjoined against certain categories of persons such as those who attack a Muslim country, those who prevent the preaching and spread of Islam by peaceful means and apostates.
(NOTE 11)
i.e. "their blood".
(NOTE 12)
Quran: verse 51, chapter 23.
(NOTE 13)
Quran: verse 172, chapter 2.
(NOTE 14)
i.e. from those Prophets preceded Muhammad (may the blessings and peace of Allah be uponhim).
(NOTE 15)
Two interpretations: a) one may safely act according to one's conscience so long as one feels no shame. b) if one is not capable of any feeling of shame there is nothing to prevent one from behaving as one likes i.e. badly.
(NOTE 16)
i.e. "blood".
(NOTE 17)
persons who met the Prophet (peace be upon him), believed in him and died Muslim.
(NOTE 18)
To say Subhana 'llah (How far is Allah from every imperfection).
(NOTE 19)
To say Allahu akbar (Allah is most great).
(NOTE 20)
To say Al hamdu lillah (Praise be to Allah).
(NOTE 21)
To say la ilaha illa'llah (There is no god but Allah).
(NOTE 22)
i.e. while you are in good health you are able to perform your religious duties and should therefore take advantage of this fact. The same applies to the state of being alive.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Jabir said that when God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked for anything, he never said, "No."
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- A'isha said: God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to patch his sandals, sew his garments and conduct himself as anyone of you did in his house. (Tirmidhi).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Anas told that when a man had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for enough sheep to fill the valley between two mountains and had been given them, went to his people and said, "Accept Islam, my people, for I swear By God that Muhammad gives gifts to such an extent that there is no fear of poverty.
(Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Anas said: God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was one of the men in character. One day he sent me to do something, and I said, "I swear by God that I will not go." But in my heart I felt I should go to do what God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has commanded me, so I went out and came upon some boys who were playing in the street. All of a sudden God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who had come up behind caught me by the back of the neck, and when I looked at him he was laughing. He said, "Did you go where I ordered you, little Anas?" "Yes, I am on my way, messenger of God." (Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Abu Huraira told that when God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked to invoke curse on the polytheists he replied, "I was not sent as one given to cursing; I was sent only as a mercy."
(Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Al-Aswad told that he asked A'isha what the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) use to do in his house, she replied that he used to engage himself in Mihna i.e. the service of his family, and when the time for prayer came, he went out to prayer.
(Bukhari).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Jabir b. Samura said God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was far from talkative. (He spoke only when he had a good reason for doing so).
(Sharra-as-Sunna).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- If anyone of you sees something objectionable, he should change it with his hand, but if he cannot, he should change it with his tongue, and if he cannot he should do it in his heart, that being the weakest form of faith.
(Muslim).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Anas told that when God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) shook hands with a man, he did not withdraw his hand till the other did so, and he was not seen to put forward his knees in front of one with whom he was sitting.
(Tirmidhi).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Hind, son of Khadija from her former husband, says about the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Kind of heart, he was nice and sweet-tempered. He never liked to displease or cause offence to anybody. He thanked even for trifling favours. He took whatever food was placed before him, without making any adverse remark. He never got angry for anything concerning his own person, nor did he think of taking revenge or letting down anybody, but if anyone opposed what was just and right, he used to get sore and helped the right cause with all his might.
(Tirmidhi).
(Muhammad The Ideal Prophet. by Sayyid Suliman Nadwi).
-- Abdullah b. al-Harith b. Jaz said he had not seen no one more given to smiling than God's messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
(Tirmidhi).
(Sayings of Muhammad. by Prof. Ghazi Ahmad).
-- Verily the creation of each one of you is brought together in his mother's belly for forty days in the form of a seed, then he is a clot of blood for a like period, then a morsel of flesh for a like period, then there is sent to him the angel who blows the breath of life into him and who is commanded about four matters (NOTE 2) to write down his means of livelihood, his life span, his actions, and whether happy or unhappy. By Allah, other than Whom there is no god, verily one of you behaves like the people of Paradise until there is but an arm's length between him and it, and that which has been written overtakes him and so he behaves like the people of Hell-fire and thus enters it; and one of you behaves like the people of Hell-fire until there is but an arm's length between him and it, and that which has been written overtakes him and so he behaves like the people of Paradise and thus enters it.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Actions are but by intention and every man shall have but that which he intended. Thus he whose migration was for Allah and His Messenger, and he whose migration was to achieve some worldly benefit or to take some woman in marriage was for that he for which he migrated.
(Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- He who innovates something in which this matter of ours that is not of it will have it rejected.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- He who does an act which our matter is not [in agreement] with, will have it rejected.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- None of you [truly] believes until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- There should be neither harming nor reciprocating harm.
(Ibn Majah and Daraqutni).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Hazrat Umar (Allah be pleased with him) said: One day while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) there appeared before us a man whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black; no signs of journeying were to be seen on him and none of us knew him. He walked and sat down by the Prophet (peace be upon him). Resting his knees against his and placing the palm of his hands on his thigh, he said: O Muhammad, tell me about Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Islam is to testify that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to perform the prayers, to pay the zakat (NOTE 4) , to fast in Ramadan, and to make the pilgrimage to the House (NOTE 5) if you are able to do so. He said: You have spoken rightly, and we were amazed at him asking him and saying that he had spoken right. He said: Then tell me about iman (NOTE 6) . The Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) said: It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers and the Last Day, and to believe in divine destiny, both the good and evil thereof. He said: You have spoken rightly. He said: Then tell me about ihsan (NOTE 7) , The Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) said: It is to worship Allah as though you are seeing Him, and while you see Him not yet truly He sees you. He said then tell me about the Hour (NOTE 8) , The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: The one questioned about it knows no better than the questioner. He said: Tell me about its signs. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: The slave-girl will give birth to her mistress (NOTE 9) and that you will see the barefooted naked, destitute herdsmen competing in constructing lofty buildings. Then he took himself off and I stayed for a time. Then the Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon) said: O Umar, do you know who the questioner was? I said: Allah and hid Messenger know best. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: It was Gabriel, who came to you to teach you your religion.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- That which is lawful is plain and that which is unlawful is plain and between the two if them are doubtful matters about which not many people know. Thus he who avoids doubtful matters clears himself in regard to his religion and his honour, but he who falls into doubtful matters falls into that which is unlawful, like the shepherd who pastures around the sanctuary, all but grazing therein. Truly every king has a sanctuary, and truly Allah's sanctuary is His prohibitions. Truly in the body there is a morsel of flesh which, if diseased, all of it is diseased. Truly it is the heart.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- What I have forbidden to you, avoid; what I have ordered you [to do], do as much of it as you can. It was only their excessive questioning and their disagreeing with their Prophets that destroyed those who were before you.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Leave that which makes you in doubt for that which does not make you doubt.
(Tirmidhi, Nasai).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Part of someone's being a good Muslim is his leaving alone that which does not concern him.
(Tirmidhi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Fear Allah wherever you are, and follow up a bad deed with a good deed and it will wipe it out, and behave well towards people.
(Tirmidhi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Purity is half of faith. Al-hamdu lillah [Praise be to Allah] fills the scales, and Subhana 'llah [How far is Allah from every imperfection] and Al-hamdu lillah [Praise be to Allah] fill that which is between heaven and earth. Prayer is light; charity is a proof; patience is illumination; and the Quran is an argument for or against you. Everyone starts his day and is a vendor of his soul, either freeing it or bringing about its ruin.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- I have been ordered to fight (NOTE 10) against people until they testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and until he perform the prayers and pay the zakat, and if they do so, they will have gained protection from me for their lives (NOTE 11) and property, unless [they do acts that are punishable] in accordance with Islam, and their reckoning will be with Allah the Almighty.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Verily Allah has prescribed proficiency in all things. Thus, if you kill, kill well; and if you slaughter, slaughter well. Let each one of you sharpen his blade and let him spare suffering to the animal he slaughters.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- There should be neither harming nor reciprocating harm.
(Ibn Majah and Daraqutni).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah the Almighty is good and accepts only that which is good. Allah has commanded the Messengers, and the Almighty has said: "O ye Messengers! Eat of the good things and do right." (NOTE 12) And Allah has said: "O ye who believe ! Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you." (NOTE 13) Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned [the case of] a man who, having journeyed far, is dishevelled and dusty and who spreads out his hands to the sky [saying]: O Lord! O Lord! - while his food is unlawful, his drink unlawful, his clothing unlawful, and he is nourished unlawfully, so how can he be answered!
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Among the words people obtained from the First Prophecy (NOTE 14) are: If you feel no shame, then do as you wish. (NOTE 15) (Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- None of you [truly] believes until his inclination is in accordance with what I ((Muhammad), may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) have brought.
(Kitab al-Hujja).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Righteousness is good morality, and wrongdoing is that which wavers in your soul and which you dislike people finding out about.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah the Almighty has laid down religious duties, so do not neglect them; He has set boundaries, so do not overstep them; He has prohibited some things, so do not violate them; about some things He was silent out of compassion for you, not forgetfulness, so seek not after them.
(Daraqutni)
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Each person's every joint must perform a charity every day they comes up: to act justly between two people is a charity; to help a man with his mount, lifting him onto it or hoisting up his belongings onto it is a charity; a good word is a charity; every step you take to prayers (i.e. on your way to the mosque) is a charity and removing a harmful thing from the road is a charity.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- The blood of a Muslim may not be legally spilt other than in one of three [instances]: the married person commits adultery; a life for life; and one who forsakes his religion and abandons the community.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Were people to be given in accordance with their claim, men would claim the fortunes and lives (NOTE 16) of [other] people, but the onus of proof is on the claimant and the taking of an oath is the incumbent upon him who denies.
(Al-Baihaqi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Hadhrat Abu Bakr Siddique (Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "A man who harms a Muslim and deceives him, is accursed."
(Tirmidhi).
(Hayaat-ul-Muslimeen. by Mohammad Ashraf Ali Thanvi).
-- Allah has pardoned for me my people for [their] mistakes and [their] forgetfulness and for what they have done under duress.
(Ibn Majah, Baihaqi).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah has written down the good deeds and the bad ones. Then He explained it [by saying that] he who has intended a good deed and has not done it, Allah writes it down with Himself as a full good deed, but if he intended it and has done it, Allah writes it down with Himself as from ten good deeds to seven hundred times, or many times over. But if he has intended a bad deed and has not done it, Allah writes it down with Himself as a full good deed, but if he has intended it and has done it, Allah writes it down as one bad deed.
(Bukhari, Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by . Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Do not envy one another; do not inflate prices one to another; do not hate one another; do not turn away from one another; and do not undercut one another, but be you. O servants of Allah, brothers. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim: he neither oppresses him nor does he fail him, he neither lies to him nor does he hold him in contempt. Piety is right here-and the Prophet (peace be upon him) pointed to his breast three times. It is evil enough for a man to hold his brother Muslim in contempt. The whole of a Muslim for another is inviolable: his blood, his property and his honour.
(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Some of the Companions (NOTE 17) of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to the Prophet:(peace be upon him) O Messenger of Allah, the affluent have made off with the rewards: they pray as we pray, they fast as we fast, and they give away in charity the superfluity of their wealth. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Has not Allah made things for you to give away in charity? Truly every tasbiha (NOTE 18) is a charity every takbira (NOTE 19) is a charity, every tahmida (NOTE 20) is a charity and every tahlia (NOTE 21) is a charity; to enjoin a good action is a charity, to forbid an evil action is a charity and in a sexual act each of you there are a charity. They said: O Messenger of Allah, when one of us fulfils his sexual desire will he have some reward for that? The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Do you [not] think that were he to act upon it unlawfully he wold be sinning? Likewise, if he has acted upon it lawfully he will have a reward.(Muslim).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- Allah the Almighty has said: Whosoever shows enmity to a friend of Mine, I shall be at war with him. My servant does not draw near to Me with anything more loved by Me than the religious duties I have imposed upon him, and My servant continues to draw near to Me with supererogatory works so that I shall love him. When I love him, I am his hearing with which he hears, his seeing with which he sees, his hands with which he strikes and his foot with which he walks. Were he to ask [something] of Me, I would surely give it to him; and were he to ask me for refuge, I would surely grant him it.
(Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- The son of Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) use to say: At evening do not expect [to live till] morning, and at morning do not expect [to live till] evening. Take from your health for your illness and from your life for your death (NOTE 22).
(Bukhari).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
-- A man came to the Prophet (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him ) and said: O Messenger of Allah, direct me to an act which, if I do it, [will cause] Allah to love me and people to love me. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Renounce the world and Allah will love you, and renounce what people possess and people will love you.
(Ibn Majah).
(Forty Hadith translated by. Ezzedin Ibrahim and Denys Johnson-Davies).
(NOTE 2)
lit. "words"
(NOTE 3)
This is a reference to religious migration, in particular to that from Mecca to Medina.
(NOTE 4)
Often rendered as "alms-tax" or "poor-due", it is a tax levied on a man's wealth and distributed among the poor.
(NOTE 5)
The Ka'ba and Holy Mosque in Mecca.
(NOTE 6)
Iman is generally rendered as "religious belief" or "faith".
(NOTE 7)
"right action", "goodness", "charity", "sincerity".
(NOTE 8)
i.e. of the Day of Judgement.
(NOTE 9)
Their are two possible interpretations: 1) "When a woman will give birth to her master" i.e. a time will come when children will have so little respect for their mothers that they will treat them like slaves. 2) The slave-girls will give birth to sons and daughters who will become free and so be the masters of those who bore them.
(NOTE 10)
Islam advocates that conversion be by conviction. The Holy Quran say: 'No compulsion in religion.' The waging of war is enjoined against certain categories of persons such as those who attack a Muslim country, those who prevent the preaching and spread of Islam by peaceful means and apostates.
(NOTE 11)
i.e. "their blood".
(NOTE 12)
Quran: verse 51, chapter 23.
(NOTE 13)
Quran: verse 172, chapter 2.
(NOTE 14)
i.e. from those Prophets preceded Muhammad (may the blessings and peace of Allah be uponhim).
(NOTE 15)
Two interpretations: a) one may safely act according to one's conscience so long as one feels no shame. b) if one is not capable of any feeling of shame there is nothing to prevent one from behaving as one likes i.e. badly.
(NOTE 16)
i.e. "blood".
(NOTE 17)
persons who met the Prophet (peace be upon him), believed in him and died Muslim.
(NOTE 18)
To say Subhana 'llah (How far is Allah from every imperfection).
(NOTE 19)
To say Allahu akbar (Allah is most great).
(NOTE 20)
To say Al hamdu lillah (Praise be to Allah).
(NOTE 21)
To say la ilaha illa'llah (There is no god but Allah).
(NOTE 22)
i.e. while you are in good health you are able to perform your religious duties and should therefore take advantage of this fact. The same applies to the state of being alive.
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